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Home / Manufacturing processes
Manufacturing processes

How a pack is made at ELECTRIC

PET blow moulding, HDPE extrusion blow moulding, injection moulding, film extrusion and converting, plus R&D, tooling and decoration, in the same company.

19 PET blow machines12 HDPE blow lines11 film extruders13 bag-making linesgravimetric dosing
Chapter 01

Three factories, one technological flow

ELECTRIC runs three factories in Focșani: rigid packaging by blow moulding, rigid packaging by injection moulding and flexible packaging. Around them sit the R&D department with the tool room, decoration and logistics. In practice a pack can travel the whole way from an idea to a delivered pallet without leaving the company.

Conceptbrief + AI3D designSolidWorksPrototype3D scan / printMouldin-house CNCProduction3 factoriesDecorationsleeve / flexoDeliveryown fleet
The full route of an ELECTRIC pack, from brief to pallet. Each stage can also be taken on its own.
3

factories

blown rigid · injected rigid · flexible
19

PET blow machines

7 semi-automatic + 10 automatic + 2 for jars
12

HDPE extrusion blow lines

from one cavity to 3 cavities with two stations
11

film extruders

3 coextruders (2×ABA, 1×AB) + 8 mono
13

bag-making lines

sacks, pouches, mailers, covers, carrier bags
1,4 MW

installed photovoltaics

plus ~460 kW of storage
Chapter 02

R&D, design and the tool room

Our R&D department also houses the tool room, the two are deliberately in the same place, because most of the development time of a pack is lost in the handover between designer and toolmaker. Here the designer and the machinist talk in the same hall.

AI-assisted concept, since 2022

We have been using artificial-intelligence tools since 2022, in the concept phase: quickly generating and comparing shape variants, sanity-checking an idea before it consumes hours of CAD, preparing visuals for the conversation with the customer. AI does not design the mould, it shortens the road from brief to a direction worth modelling.

Design in SolidWorks

The container, the closure and the mould are modelled in SolidWorks: parametric geometry, draft angles, wall thicknesses, parting lines, cooling channels. The same model produces both the manufacturing drawing for the CNC and the file for the 3D printer.

3D scanning and prototyping

With the 3D scanner we can start from an existing object, a bottle the customer wants reproduced, an old part with no documentation, a mould that has to be rebuilt and turn it into a CAD model. With the 3D printer we produce the prototype you can hold, fill, squeeze and put on a shelf before the first piece of steel is cut.

Tool making: Hurco CNC and Knuth conventional machines

Precision machining runs on Hurco CNC machining centres. Next to them we deliberately keep conventional Knuth lathes and mills: for a repair, a cavity modification or a one-off spare, the conventional machine is often faster than programming a CNC. Together the two let us repair and modify moulds in hours, not weeks.

The advantage is not only being able to produce. The advantage is being able to modify, repair and develop what you produce, yourself.

StageWhat we doWith
01Concept and shape variantsAI tools (since 2022) + technical brief
02Container and mould designSolidWorks
03Digitising an existing part3D scanner
04Physical prototype3D printer
05Mould and electrode machiningHurco CNC centres
06Repairs, modifications, sparesKnuth conventional lathes and mills
07Machine trials and approvalOur own production lines
Chapter 03

Rigid packaging by blow moulding: PET

PET containers are produced by biaxial stretch-blow moulding (ISBM) from an injected preform: the preform is heated in an infrared oven, placed in the mould, stretched axially by a rod and blown radially with high-pressure air. The molecular orientation achieved in both directions is what gives PET its clarity, mechanical strength and barrier.

Preforminjection-moulded PETIR ovenconditioning 95–115 °CBiaxial stretch-blowAir 8 / 40 barpre-blow + blowair recoveryInspectionleak, wall thicknessPalletisingbig-bag / box
The PET blow moulding flow: preform → thermal conditioning → axial stretch → blow → inspection → palletising.

The machine park

QtyMachine typeWhat it covers
7Semi-automatic PET blow machinesSmall and medium runs, special shapes, large volumes (up to 10L), new launches and trial batches. These are the machines that make an order of a few tens of thousands viable.
10Automatic PET blow machines, 2 / 3 / 4 cavitiesSeries production. The number of cavities is chosen according to order volume and bottle geometry; preform feeding, transfer and discharge are automatic.
2Automatic jar machinesDedicated to wide-mouth containers, PET jars for food, cosmetics and supplements, where the large neck requires different blowing kinematics.

This factory produces PET bottles, PET cans with aluminium ends and PET jars. Installed capacity exceeds 28.2 million PET containers a month, in volumes from 0.3 to 10 litres.

Chapter 04

Extrusion blow moulding: HDPE bottles and jerrycans

Here we do not start from a preform but straight from the granule. The extruder melts the material and forms a parison, a tube of molten material descending between the two mould halves. The mould closes, welds the bottom, and air inflates the parison against the cavity walls. This is the technology with which ELECTRIC entered bottle production, in 1996.

Dosinggravimetric · HDPE + MBScrew extrudermelt 170–210 °CDie headparison + wall controlMould close + blowDeflashingrecovery + regrindInspectionleak test
The extrusion blow flow: dosing → extrusion → parison → mould close and blow → deflashing → inspection.

We have 12 extrusion blow lines for HDPE bottles and jerrycans, from one cavity up to 3 cavities with two stations. The two-station configuration effectively doubles a mould's output: while one set of containers is being blown and cooled, the die head is already forming the parison for the next.

  • Parison wall control puts material where the container needs it, corners, shoulders, the handle area and takes grams out of where it does not.
  • Deflashing is done in line, and process scrap is reground and returned into the process, in the proportion the product's end use allows.
  • Leak testing runs on the line: every container that will not hold pressure is rejected.
Chapter 05

Gravimetric dosing on every machine

All PET blow machines, all HDPE extrusion blow lines and all film extruders have gravimetric dosing units. The difference from volumetric dosing is simple and its consequences are large: a gravimetric doser weighs every component of the blend, polymer, colour masterbatch, additive, recyclate, instead of estimating a volume.

  • Consistent colour from the first to the last pallet of an order, even when the bulk density of the granule changes between batches.
  • Consistent part weight: extra grams in a bottle are invisible but they are paid for, at one million pieces, one gram is one tonne of material.
  • Controlled and documentable recyclate ratio, which matters both technically and for the recycled-content declaration.
  • Consumption tracked in real time: the doser reports how many kilos actually went into each order.
Chapter 06

Rigid packaging by injection moulding

Injection moulding is the technology ELECTRIC started with in 1990, and the one that today produces the company's highest unit volumes: over 88 million caps, closures and handles a month. Molten material is injected under pressure into a multi-cavity mould, held under packing pressure while the part shrinks, then cooled and ejected.

Granules + masterbatchPlasticising screwdosing + injectionMulti-cavity mouldfill · hold · coolEjectionrobot / free dropInspectionweight, torque, visualPackingbags / boxes
The injection cycle: plasticising → injection into the multi-cavity mould → hold and cool → ejection → inspection → packing.

What we injection-mould

GroupProductTechnical notes
01Caps & plugsScrew caps, dispensing caps (flip-top, disc-top, push-pull), assorted caps, tamper-evident bands. Opening torque and neck sealing are checked.
02HandlesClip-on handles for bottles and jerrycans, fitted by hand or in line, sized to the container neck.
03CupsThin-wall injected cups for serving and portioning. Moulds with high-performance cooling shorten the cycle and hold ovality in tolerance.
04CutlerySingle-use cutlery, in high-cavitation moulds, where weight stability decides bending strength.
05PET preformsThe semi-finished part PET containers are blown from. Making preforms in-house means we control part weight, material distribution and neck finish without depending on an outside supplier.
Chapter 07

Flexible packaging: extrusion and coextrusion

Film is produced by blown film extrusion: the molten polymer is pushed through an annular die, comes out as a tube and is inflated with air into a bubble, cooled, then flattened between nip rolls. The blow-up ratio (BUR) and the haul-off speed decide molecular orientation, that is, tear resistance in both directions.

A · skin layergravimetric dosingB · core layerrecycled / additivesAnnular dieABA / ABFilm bubblecollapsing framefrost line · BURGauginggauge 6–150myNip rollstube / half-tubeFlexo print1–4 coloursReel
Film extrusion: gravimetric dosing per layer → annular die → bubble → gauging → nip rolls → print → reel.

Coextruders and mono extruders

QtyLineWhat it does
2ABA coextrudersThree layers, two materials: A skins in virgin material, a B core in recyclate or an additive blend. The ABA structure is what lets us put a lot of recycled content into a film without losing surface appearance and tear strength.
1AB coextruderTwo different layers, for example an opaque outer face and a technical inner one, or a sealing layer separate from the strength layer. We use it for films with asymmetric requirements, such as courier mailers.
8Mono-layer extrudersSingle-layer film in LDPE, rLDPE or a biodegradable compound. It covers most of the sack and pouch production and works on gauges from 6 to 150 microns.

Every extruder has gravimetric dosing. We extrude tube, half-tube (tube slit on one side) and flat film, in widths up to 12 metres laid flat and gauges from 6 to 150 microns. Capacity in flexible packaging exceeds 620 tonnes a month.

Chapter 08

Converting: 13 bag-making lines

The film reel becomes a product on the bag-making lines. We have 13 bag-making machines, each configured for a product family: bottom or side seal, gussets, drawstring, adhesive, handle die-cutting, perforation, counting and packing, as many operations as possible in the same pass.

UnwindGuiding + gussetingside/bottom gussetsSealing barseal + cutDrawstring / adhesive / handlein lineCountingin sets, on roll, in boxPalletising
The converting line: unwind → guiding and gusseting → seal and cut → drawstring/adhesive/handle → counting → palletising.

What comes off the 13 lines

Drawstring bin bags

The drawstring is inserted into the top hem on the bag-making machine itself, in a single pass: the film is folded, the hem is sealed, the cord is fed in and the pull slots are punched. We check pull-out strength, because that is where a bin bag fails, not in the body.

Plain bin bags

Bottom seal, cut to length, packed on roll or in a box. This is the product we make in the largest quantity from rLDPE: at 60, 120 and 240 litres, recycled material is not the cheap option, it is the technically correct one.

Handle-tie bin bags

The handle is die-cut in line, from the same film body. Less added material, the same closing function.

Self-seal courier mailers

Opaque coextruded film, with a permanent adhesive strip applied in line and a silicone liner. Sealed on three sides, the flap is perforated and the mailers are counted into boxes. 13 standard sizes, flexo printable in 1–4 colours.

Food bags in sets

Virgin food-grade LDPE, bottom seal, packed 50 pcs/set and 10 sets/case. Raw material and ink meet food-contact requirements.

Produce bags on roll

Roll with perforation between bags, for the produce aisle. Also available in the EN 13432 biodegradable version, from the NOT PLASTIC range.

Carrier bags

Vest and banana types, in virgin, recycled or biodegradable LDPE. Handle die-cutting, bottom seal and bottom gusset are done on the same machine; 30,000 pieces fit on a pallet.

Pallet top hoods

Tubular film sealed at one end, cut to pallet height. It goes over the load in seconds and protects against dust and moisture in the warehouse.

Full pallet covers

The cover encloses the whole pallet down to the base. Converted from wide tubular film and supplied on roll or by the piece, to the customer's pallet size.

Shrink film

The product we entered flexible packaging with, in 2007. It shrinks in a controlled way over a case, a pallet or a product group and locks the load without a box.

Technical film

Tube, half-tube (tube slit on one side) or flat film, at the required width and gauge, with or without corona treatment for printing. This is where every application without a catalogue product lands.

Construction & covering film

Mini-rolls or core rolls in rLDPE, for painting, site protection and refurbishment. Extruded in an ABA structure, with a recycled core and virgin skins, to keep the look and the tear resistance.

Stretch film

Clear, black or white, for hand and machine wrapping. What matters here is pre-stretch and holding force, not gauge on its own.

Chapter 09

Decoration: sleeve labels and flexo printing

On rigid packs we apply slim sleeve labels: the printed sleeve is positioned on the container and heat-shrunk onto its shape, covering 360°. A sleeve follows tapers and profiles a self-adhesive label cannot, and, if the sleeve material is chosen correctly, leaves the container as a single material at recycling.

On flexibles we print flexo, 1–4 colours, directly on the film, before converting. We also produce the printing plates. On courier mailers and carrier bags, print is usually the pack's only branding element.

Chapter 10

Quality control and traceability

StageWhat we checkWhere
01Raw material: batch, certificate, moistureGoods-in
02The blend: weighed ratios, recycled contentGravimetric doser
03The part: weight, dimensions, thread profile, opening torqueFirst-off and per shift
04The container: leak tightness, wall thickness, clarityIn line
05The film: gauge, tear strength, seal strengthOn the reel
06The converted pack: dimensions, seal, piece countBefore packing
07The batch: identification on the pallet and in the delivery documentsDispatch

For food-contact products we work with compliant raw materials and inks, with per-batch compliance documentation.

Chapter 11

Logistics & delivery

Goods leave Focșani on our own fleet. What does not fit a scheduled run goes through the pallet network. From one pallet, delivery is free, across all film and sack ranges. For customers with steady consumption we hold dedicated stock and deliver on a call-off schedule.